In-depth technical write-ups on electronics, communication, firmware and embedded systems.
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Ethernet on STM32, from the MAC, PHY and RMII architecture and LwIP and DHCP configuration to a TCP echo server using netconn, with calculated throughput figures and common faults. Part 10 of the Communication Protocols on STM32 series.
USB CDC on STM32, from endpoints, Full-speed limits, CubeIDE setup and the 48 MHz clock to receive and transmit code with a ring buffer, with calculated throughput figures and common faults. Part 9 of the Communication Protocols on STM32 series.
1-Wire on STM32 with the DS18B20 sensor, from time slots, ROM commands, the scratchpad and CRC8 (with verified examples) to two implementations, one with GPIO and one with a UART. Part 8 of the Communication Protocols on STM32 series.
Modbus RTU and Modbus TCP on STM32, from the data model, frame structure and CRC-16 (with verified examples) to the 3.5-character silent interval and slave code using DMA and the IDLE interrupt. Part 7 of the Communication Protocols on STM32 series.
RS-485 on STM32, from differential signalling and bus wiring with termination and bias resistors (with calculated values) to switching the transceiver direction with the DE/RE pins, by GPIO or hardware Driver Enable. Part 6 of the Communication Protocols on STM32 series.
LIN on STM32 using the USART, from the frame structure (Break, Sync, PID, data, checksum) and step-by-step PID and checksum examples to frame timing and HAL code for master and slave. Part 5 of the Communication Protocols on STM32 series.
CAN and CAN FD on STM32 (FDCAN), from the frame format, ID-based arbitration, bit timing calculation, frame time and bus load to HAL configuration, receive filters and bus-off recovery. Part 4 of the Communication Protocols on STM32 series.
I²C on STM32, from START, ACK and STOP and sizing pull-up resistors from bus capacitance to scanning the bus, reading sensor registers with HAL and recovering a stuck bus. Part 3 of the Communication Protocols on STM32 series.
SPI on STM32, from the shift-register principle and the four CPOL/CPHA modes to SCK speed per prescaler and reading the ID, reading, erasing and programming W25Qxx flash with HAL and DMA. Part 2 of the Communication Protocols on STM32 series.
UART on STM32, from the frame format and baud rate error to receiving packets of unknown length with circular DMA and the IDLE interrupt. Includes diagrams, HAL code and a table of common faults. Part 1 of the Communication Protocols on STM32 series.
A series on microcontroller communication protocols (UART, SPI, I²C, CAN, LIN, RS-485, Modbus, 1-Wire, USB, Ethernet), each to be wired up and measured on an STM32. This part introduces the series and compares the protocols.